Improvement



Y UNITED STAT-ES- PATENT OFFICE.

NEHEMIan` DODGE, or New' Youn, N. -Y.

IMPROVEMENT; IN DEEP-WELL PUMPS.

Speciiication forming part of Letters Patent No. 48,378, dated June 27,1865.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, NEHEMIAH DODGE, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented a new and Improved .Construction ot Pump forDeep Borings; and I hereby declare thatthefollowing is afull andsufficient description thereof, ret'erence'being had to the accompanyingdrawings and the .letters and tiguresmarked thereon.

Figure l` represents an elevation of said pump. Fig. 2 represen ts 'avertical section through the axis of the pump; Fig. 3, a horizontalsection through the line a b ot' Fig. 2, with an edge view ot' the openvalve; Fig. 4, a horizontal section through line ct b of Fig. 2, showingthe valve in perspective-z' is the valve, 7c the hinge, n thel1in'ge-pin,m the ring that holds the valve; Fig. 5, horizontal sectionthrough b c of Fig. 2, showing the two concentric tubes.

My present invention has the same general design as that patented to meon the 12th March, 1850, but which has already expired.

The design consists in being adapted to deep borings. rlhe former patentbeing adapted to deep wells, where there is a plentyot' room forsurrounding the pum p-barrel with an enlarged valve-chamber, while thepresent device is designed for deep borings in rock formations, where avery small bore7 on accountV of economy of room Within the barrelgrowing out of the construction of the valves, is made to answer thepurpose of a larger bore with valves of the ordinary construction.

The prominent features to be set forth in the present devices are theconstruction of the valves to prevent obstructing the current throughthe barrel, and thus increase the amount of liquid pumped withoutincreasing the size of the bore; and, second, the devices used toprevent injuring the lower part of the pump-barrel by its strikingagainst a rock bottom and so battering up the end of the metallic tubefrom the workin g of the instrument, and at the same time preserve thevalve-chamber air-tight during the rising and falling of the pump-barrel-by a slip-joint.

The ball-valve to pump the liquid from oilwells, to which my presentinvention is designed to be applied, has some valuable properties whichhave decided the public to adopt it in preference to all other valves,the principal reason for which is that it can be used without anypacking whatever, and from its peculiar construction it can scarcely getout of order; and it' it should become deranged no valveis more easilyrepaired; but notwithstanding' all this there is a veryserious-objection to the use of the ball-valve. In the first place Vtheball-valve lies necessarily in the axis of the pump-barrel and greatlyobstructs the upward current of the liquid, and never can be carriedtoone side of the current norout of it. It is always in the way, a mass ofobstructing matter equal to its own diameter, to obviate which there isno available remedy withoutsubstitutiug some other valve. Thebuttery-valve and all leaf-valves, when fully `open, allow a freepassage to the fluid after being planed out in the form of a concave ot'4 a cylinder, so th at when the valve is fully open the concavity ot'the under side of the valvef face shall coincide, or nearly coincide,with the cylindrical concavity ot' the pump-barrel, or

at least shall be parallel with the same, or so nearly that thedeviation from it shall only be sufficient to keep the surface of thevalve clean by washin g it, and along which cylindrical con- `cave ofthe valve the stream glides smoothly.

In the second place, the device used to pre serve the valve-chamberair-tight, and at the same time allow the pump-barrel to rise and fallin the act of pumping, is arranged as follows: The lower section of thetube is made double, with a slip-joint like thatot' the telescopic tube,in which the smaller tube, dea signed` to rest on the bottom of thewell, is received into the larger tube, while the larger tube plays upand down in the act of pumping. The lower valve is placed on the upperextremity of the inside tube, while the upper valve is fastened to theoutside tube a short space above the lower valve. The space between thetwo valves is a constantlyvarying space, made so by the act of pumping.This combination ofthe inner and outer tube of the barrel to form aslip-joint enables the inventor to use pump-valves without packing,which is of great importance where the barrel is of great length,requiring extra time and expense to elevate the valves from the bottomof the Well.

The above construction of the slip-joint and the cylindrical concave ofthe under face of the valves, together with the contact part of thevalve and valve-seat (being a section of a sphere) so accurately turnedand ground as to` require no packing, and still form an accurate andperfect joint for the oil of petroleum wells, destroys in a little timeevery kind of packing hitherto'invented, which is a seriousembarrassment to the business; but the ball-valve, requiring no packing,is the best hitherto used. There is still another feature of the valvewhich is exceedingly important, preventing derangement ofthe Workingparts-namely, the method of securing the joint-pin in its place. Thisdevice consists in making the pin of the hingejoint ot' the valve solong that its ends touch the sides ofthe concave of the cylinder, sothat it is impossible for the pin to get loose and come out.

The Ydevice is shown at n, Fig. 4,

where represents the open valve, 7c the hinge, and n the pin of thejoint, the ends of which Atouch against the sides of the pump-barrel.The valve is set into its placerin the pumpbarrel by irst attaching itto the upper part of an'inside ring, m, which is received into its placeby accurately turning or by grinding the surfaces together, so that theends of the jointpin will be received against the inside of the barrel,or the inner face ot' the ring, which is equivalent thereto.

m represents the ring to which the valve is attached, and is easilyremoved for repairs, &c.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The slip-joint of the lower part of the barrel, in combination with ahollow pistonrod, made in the manner and for the purposes hereindescribed. 1

2. The making of the contact part of the valve and valve-seat ofthesection ofa sphere, in combination with the cylindrical concave vof theundersurt'aee of said valve, substantial] y in the manner and for thepurpose set forth.

3. In combination with the said valve, the hinge-pin, substantially inthe manner and for the purpose set forth, so that the bearing of the pinagainst the cylindrical concave ofthe pump shall hold it firmly inplace.

NEHEMIAH DODGE. lL. S.]

Witnesses:

MORTIMER J. ENNIS, WM. H. RIBLET.

